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Peru is located in the west central part of South America. It encompasses an
area of 498,222 square miles (1 `285, 215 km2) and can be compared in size to
Spain, France and former West Germany combined. In South America, only Brazil
and Argentina are larger. Peru is the 19th largest country in the world. Peru is
bordered to the north by Ecuador, to the south by Chile and Bolivia, to the east
by Colombia and Brazil and to the west by the Pacific Ocean.
Peru is a varied and diverse
country due to the climatic, natural and cultural diversity of its
regions. It is 1,554 miles (2,500 km) long, and has 3 natural
regions: coast, sierra and jungle.
The
climate of Peru varies widely, ranging from tropical in the montaņa to arctic
in the highest mountains of the Andes. Average temperatures decrease about 1.7
Celsius degrees (about 3 Fahrenheit degrees) with every 450-m (1,500-ft)
increase in elevation. Permanent snow and ice fields cover peaks more than 5,000
m (16,500 ft) above sea level, and the highest elevation at which the land is
suitable for agriculture is about 4,400 m (14,500 ft).
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